78 Pt Platinum 195.08
Transition metal
Platinum 铂
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹
- Period 6
- Group 10
- Block d
- Solid
Electron configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d⁹ 6s¹
Orbital diagram (valence)
5d ↑↓↑↓↑↓↑↓↑
6s ↑
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
- Unpaired electrons
- 2
- Zeff (Slater)
- 3.55
Properties
- Atomic weight
- 195.08
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 2.28
- First ionization energy
- 868.4 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 205.3 kJ/mol
- Covalent radius
- 136 pm
- van der Waals radius
- 209 pm
- Melting point
- 2042 K
- Boiling point
- 4098 K
- Density
- 21.46 g/cm³
- Melting / boiling point
- 1768.4 °C / 3824.8 °C
- Common oxidation states
- +4, +2
- Discovered
- 1735
Platinum in the course
The lessons that discuss this element most (ranked by mentions).
- Ligand substitution: labile and inert Coordination chemistry
- Overpotential and electrode kinetics Redox and electrochemistry
- Geometry and isomerism Coordination chemistry
- Coulometry: counting electrons, counting water Electroanalytical chemistry
- Catalysts and materials Transition metals
- Halogens and noble gases The main-group elements
- Solid electrolytes: the oxygen sensor in a car exhaust Electroanalytical chemistry
- Nitrogen and phosphorus The main-group elements
Lab experiments with Platinum
Periodic trend
Group 10
Data: PubChem periodic table (public domain); atomic weights are IUPAC abridged standard values; covalent radii from Cordero et al. (2008).