48 Cd Cadmium 112.41
Transition metal
Cadmium 镉
[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²
- Period 5
- Group 12
- Block d
- Solid
Electron configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s²
Orbital diagram (valence)
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 2
- Unpaired electrons
- 0
- Zeff (Slater)
- 4.35
Properties
- Atomic weight
- 112.41
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.69
- First ionization energy
- 867.8 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- no data
- Covalent radius
- 144 pm
- van der Waals radius
- 158 pm
- Melting point
- 594.2 K
- Boiling point
- 1040 K
- Density
- 8.69 g/cm³
- Melting / boiling point
- 321.1 °C / 766.9 °C
- Common oxidation states
- +2
- Discovered
- 1817
Cadmium in the course
The lessons that discuss this element most (ranked by mentions).
Lab experiments with Cadmium
Standard reduction potentials
| CdX2+(aq)+2eX−Cd(s) | −0.403 V |
All potentials Periodic trend
Data: PubChem periodic table (public domain); atomic weights are IUPAC abridged standard values; covalent radii from Cordero et al. (2008).