VisualChem 可交互的化学教科书
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三相点与临界点

几种常见物质的三相点、临界点和 1 atm 下的沸点（或升华点）。三相点压强高于 1 atm 的物质（如 CO₂）在常压下只能升华。

7 行
水HX2O\ce{H2O}273.1600.6117647.09622.064373.12沸腾IAPWS-95 / IAPWS-IF97
二氧化碳COX2\ce{CO2}216.592518304.1287.377194.69升华Span & Wagner 1996
氨NHX3\ce{NH3}195.4956.091405.40011.333239.82沸腾Tillner-Roth et al. 1993
甲烷CHX4\ce{CH4}90.69411.7190.5644.599111.67沸腾Setzmann & Wagner 1991
氩Ar\ce{Ar}83.80668.89150.6874.86387.30沸腾Tegeler, Span & Wagner 1999
氧气OX2\ce{O2}54.3610.1463154.5815.04390.19沸腾Schmidt & Wagner 1985
氮气NX2\ce{N2}63.15112.52126.1923.39677.36沸腾Span et al. 2000

临界点以上液体与气体不再有分界。水的三相点 273.16 K 曾是开尔文的定义点。

数据来源

  1. W. Wagner & A. Pruß, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 31, 387 (2002) — IAPWS-95 (water).
  2. R. Span & W. Wagner, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 25, 1509 (1996) — carbon dioxide.
  3. R. Span et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 29, 1361 (2000) — nitrogen; R. Schmidt & W. Wagner, Fluid Phase Equilib. 19, 175 (1985) — oxygen; C. Tegeler, R. Span & W. Wagner, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 28, 779 (1999) — argon; U. Setzmann & W. Wagner, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 20, 1061 (1991) — methane; R. Tillner-Roth et al., DKV-Tagungsbericht 20, 167 (1993) — ammonia; as implemented in the NIST Chemistry WebBook.

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