45 Rh Rhodium 102.91
Transition metal
Rhodium 铑
[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹
- Period 5
- Group 9
- Block d
- Solid
Electron configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d⁸ 5s¹
Orbital diagram (valence)
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 16, 1
- Unpaired electrons
- 3
- Zeff (Slater)
- 3.40
Properties
- Atomic weight
- 102.91
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 2.28
- First ionization energy
- 719.7 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 109.7 kJ/mol
- Covalent radius
- 142 pm
- van der Waals radius
- 195 pm
- Melting point
- 2237 K
- Boiling point
- 3968 K
- Density
- 12.4 g/cm³
- Melting / boiling point
- 1963.8 °C / 3694.8 °C
- Common oxidation states
- +3
- Discovered
- 1803
Rhodium in the course
The lessons that discuss this element most (ranked by mentions).
Periodic trend
Data: PubChem periodic table (public domain); atomic weights are IUPAC abridged standard values; covalent radii from Cordero et al. (2008).